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Thorp eventually came up with a system that provided almost perfect wagering information. He called his last program the “Thorp Ultimate,” and it represented a 99.6% correct betting strategy. The point-values were assigned as follows: 2s = 5, 3s = 6, 4s = 8, 5s = 11, 6s = 6, 7s = 4,8s = 0,9s [...]

Charles Einstein, in 1968, was the first to suggest that Aces should be removed from the RC altogether. Because of their dual nature i.e., the fact that they can be regarded as high or low cards depending upon the situation Einstein claimed that Aces should be counted as neutral. It is a somewhat valid point [...]

In 1982, Edwin Silberstang and Avery Cardoza claimed to have systems that were definite improvements over Hi-Low primarily because their TC’s were more accurate. Instead of dividing the RC by the number of decks unseen, they suggested dividing it by the number of half-decks unseen to obtain a truer TC.
The problems with the Silberstang/Cardoza approach [...]

Lawrence Revere offered an “Advanced Point Count” system for sale in the early 1970s which became quite popular. It assigned new values to the cards as seen during the game: Aces = 4; T’s = 3; 9s = 1; 8s = 0; 7s and 2s = 2; 6s, 4s [...]

During the thirty-odd years since the first viable counting system was introduced, dozens of “new and improved” counting systems have been offered for sale to unsuspecting blackjack players eager for easy winnings. Each additional system sported a slightly different variation of the original Hi-Low model. Each promised more simplicity, accuracy, or playing efficiency than the [...]